Uniform Civil Code


Context

The Ministry of Law and Justice has told the Supreme Court that the court cannot direct Parliament to frame any law and it sought dismissal of PILs (Public Interest Litigation) seeking a Uniform Civil Code (UCC) in the country.

Relevance:

GS II- Polity

Dimensions of the Article:

  1. What is Uniform Civil Code (UCC)?
  2. Positive aspects of Uniform Civil Code include
  3. Challenges in Implementing Uniform Civil Code Include
  4. Does India not already have a UCC for civil matters?
  5. How does the idea of UCC relate to the Fundamental Right to religion?

What is Uniform Civil Code (UCC)?

Article 44 is one of the Directive Principles of State Policy. These, as defined in Article 37, are not justiciable (not enforceable by any court) but the principles laid down therein are fundamental in governance.

Fundamental Rights are enforceable in a court of law. While Article 44 uses the words “state shall endeavour”, other Articles in the ‘Directive Principles’ chapter use words such as “in particular strive”; “shall in particular direct its policy”; “shall be obligation of the state” etc.

Article 43 mentions “state shall endeavour by suitable legislation”, while the phrase “by suitable legislation” is absent in Article 44. All this implies that the duty of the state is greater in other directive principles than in Article 44.

Positive aspects of Uniform Civil Code include
Challenges in Implementing Uniform Civil Code Include
Does India not already have a uniform code in civil matters?
How does the idea of a Uniform Civil Code relate to the fundamental right to religion?

-Source: The Hindu


Polio In India


Context:

Recently, global leaders confirmed USD 2.6 billion in funding toward the Global Polio Eradication Initiative’s (GPEI) 2022-2026 Strategy to end polio at the World Health Summit in Berlin.

Relevance:

GS II- Health

Dimensions of the Article:

  1. What is Polio?
  2. Polio in India
  3. India’s Pulse Polio Programme
  4. Steps taken by the Government to maintain polio free status in India

What is Polio?

Polio in India

India’s Pulse Polio Programme

Steps taken by the Government to maintain polio free status in India

-Source: The Hindu


TN Bans Online ‘Games of Chance’ and Gambling


Context:

Online gambling and online games of chance have been banned in Tamil Nadu. At the same time, the other online games will be regulated.

Relevance:

GS II: Polity and Governance

Dimensions of the Article:

  1. Types of online gaming available in India:
  2. The requirement for a central law:
  3. How big is the online gaming market in India?
  4. Why are States resorting to banning online gaming?

Types of online gaming available in India:

The requirement for a central law:

Online gaming so far has been a state subject:

Societal concerns

No regulatory framework

How big is the online gaming market in India?

Why are States resorting to banning online gaming?

-Source: The Hindu


Mission LiFE (Lifestyle For Environment)


Context:

Prime Minister, in the presence of U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, launched ‘Mission LiFE’ (Lifestyle For Environment), a new initiative for sustainable and healthy lifestyle at the Statue of Unity in Gujarat.

Relevance:

GS III: Environment and Ecology

Dimensions of the Article:

  1. Details
  2. About LiFE-Movement
  3. Vision and Mission of LiFE
  4. What can be done to fulfil the vision of LiFE?

Details:

About LiFE-Movement

The idea promotes an environmentally conscious lifestyle that focuses on ‘mindful and deliberate utilisation’ instead of ‘mindless and wasteful consumption’.

Aim of LiFE: 
Pro-Planet People:

Vision and Mission of LiFE:

Vision of LIFE: 

The vision of ‘LIFE’ is to live a lifestyle that is in tune with our planet and does not harm it The people who live such a lifestyle can be called “Pro-Planet people.”

Mission liFE for India: 

Mission LiFE borrows from the past, operates in the present and focuses on the future. Reduce, Reuse and Recycle are the concepts woven into our life. The Circular Economy has been an integral part of our culture and lifestyle.

What can be done to fulfil the vision of LiFE?

Fostering a sense of personal accountability beginning at home:

Utilizing nudging strategies to promote constructive behaviour

Changing to more environmentally friendly consumption patterns:

-Source: The Hindu


Cyclone Sitrang


Context:

Recently, IMD officials said the cyclonic storm set to develop in east-central Bay of Bengal will reach close to the coasts of West Bengal – Bangladesh by October 25.

Relevance:

GS-I: Geography (Physical geography – Climatology, Important Geophysical phenomena), GS-III: Disaster Management

Dimensions of the Article:

  1. What are Tropical Cyclones?
  2. Conditions for cyclone formation:
  3. How are Tropical Cyclones Formed?
  4. Why tropical cyclones don’t form in the eastern tropical oceans?
  5. Names of Tropical Cyclones
  6. Structure of the tropical cyclone
  7. Landfall, what happens when a Cyclone reaches land from the ocean?
  8. Cyclone Management in India

What are Tropical Cyclones?

Tropical Cyclones in India

Conditions for cyclone formation:

How are Tropical Cyclones Formed?

Why tropical cyclones don’t form in the eastern tropical oceans?

Names of Tropical Cyclones

Depending on its location and strength, a tropical cyclone is referred to by different names:

  1. Cyclones in the Indian Ocean
  2. Hurricanes in the Atlantic
  3. Typhoons in the Western Pacific and the South China Sea
  4. Willy-willies in Western Australia

Structure of the tropical cyclone

Tropical cyclones are compact, circular storms, generally some 320 km (200 miles) in diameter, whose winds swirl around a central region of low atmospheric pressure. The winds are driven by this low-pressure core and by the rotation of Earth, which deflects the path of the wind through a phenomenon known as the Coriolis force. As a result, tropical cyclones rotate in a counter clockwise (or cyclonic) direction in the Northern Hemisphere and in a clockwise (or anticyclonic) direction in the Southern Hemisphere.

  1. The Eye: A characteristic feature of tropical cyclones is the eye, a central region of clear skies, warm temperatures, and low atmospheric pressure. Typically, atmospheric pressure at the surface of Earth is about 1,000 millibars.
  2. The Eyewall: The most dangerous and destructive part of a tropical cyclone is the eyewall. Here winds are strongest, rainfall is heaviest, and deep convective clouds rise from close to Earth’s surface to a height of 15,000 metres.
  3. Rainbands: These bands, commonly called rainbands, spiral into the centre of the storm. In some cases the rainbands are stationary relative to the centre of the moving storm, and in other cases they seem to rotate around the centre.
Landfall, what happens when a Cyclone reaches land from the ocean?

Cyclone Management in India

India is highly vulnerable to natural disasters especially cyclones, earthquakes, floods, landslides, and drought. Natural disasters cause a loss of 2% of GDP every year in India. According to the Home ministry, 8% of total area in India is prone to cyclones. India has a coastline of 7,516 km, of which 5,700 km are prone to cyclones of various degrees.

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